Domestic violence (DV) is not always easy to recognise. It can happen in any relationship, regardless of age, gender, or background. Abuse is not only physical — it can also be emotional, psychological, financial, or even digital. Knowing the signs can help you recognise abuse in your own life or support someone you care about.
1. Physical abuse
Unexplained injuries such as bruises, burns, or broken bones.
Frequent “accidents” or excuses that don’t add up.
A partner who uses physical force, threats, or intimidation to control behaviour.
2. Emotional and psychological abuse
Constant criticism, humiliation, or insults.
Controlling what you wear, who you see, or where you go.
Making you feel worthless, scared, or “always at fault.”
Isolating you from friends, family, or support networks.
3. Financial abuse
Taking control of your money, bank cards, or wages.
Preventing you from working or studying.
Forcing you to ask for money or justify every expense.
OR - Not contributing to any household expenses
4. Sexual abuse
Pressure or force to have sex or perform sexual acts against your will.
Ignoring your boundaries or using threats to get compliance.
Withholding affection as punishment or control.
5. Digital abuse
Constantly checking your phone, emails, or social media.
Sending threatening messages or tracking your location.
Using technology to harass or control you.
What to remember
The abuse you experience is not your fault!
Abuse is about control and power, not love.
Experiencing one type of abuse often comes with others.
If you recognise these signs, know that you are not alone and that support is available.
How to seek help
If you feel unsafe at home or recognise these signs in your relationship:
Reach out to a trusted friend or family member.
Contact a local support organisation like East European Resource Centre for advice and safety planning.
In an emergency, call the police or emergency services at 112 or 999.
⭐ No one deserves to live in fear. Help is available.